Tajikistan, a landlocked country located in Central Asia, is renowned for its breathtaking mountainous terrain, making it a paradise for adventurers and nature enthusiasts. The country’s topography is dominated by the majestic Pamir Mountains, often referred to as the “Roof of the World,” which rise to towering heights and offer spectacular views. This diverse landscape not only provides stunning scenery but also plays a crucial role in the lives of the Tajik people, influencing their traditions, livelihoods, and culture.
Squeezed between the upper reaches of the Oxus (Uzbeks named itAmu Darya and Arabs Sayxun) and Jaxartes (Uzbeks named it Syr Darya) rivers and bordering the most remote regions of Afghanistan and China, Tajikistan embraces the widest range of scenery of all Central Asian republics.
Most of it is defined by mountains, from the high rolling plateau of the eastern Pamirs to the remote, almost vertical gorges of the western Pamirs and scenic central ranges of the Fan and Turkestan mountains.
Tajikistan at a glance
Official name: Republic of Tajikistan
Capital city: Dushanbe (population 800,000)
Other main towns: Khojand, Kulob, Kurghonteppa, Istaravshan
Population: 9,1 million (equivalent to 0.12% of the total world populationn)
Location: landlocked in the heart of central Asia
Border Countries: Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Pakistan and Afghanistan
Area: 143,100 square kilometers
Climate: continental, subtropical and semi-arid with some desert areas
Government: Presidential republic.
Life expectancy: men 69, women 73 years
Major exports: aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
Official language: Tajik; Russian is also widely used.
Unemployment: approx. 10 %
Religion: 90% Muslim (85% Sunni, 5% Ismaili), 10% Russian Orthodox and other minorities
Currency: Tajik somani (“Somoni” in Tajik)
National airline: Tajik Air
International telephone code: +998
Time Zone: GMT+5
Electricity: 220 volts (50Hz) (round, two-pin plugs, standard European or older Soviet with thinner pins. European plugs will not fit the Soviet sockets, but adapters available)
Weights and measures: metric
Flag: Horizontal stripes of red, white and green with a golden crown and stars
National anthem: “Surudi Milli”
National sports Buzkashi (a game played between two teams, using a goat’s carcass to score points), gushtigiri (traditional wrestling), judo, boxing
Public holidays:
1 January: New Year’s Day
8 March: International Women’s Day
21-23 March: Navruz, the Persian New Year
1 May: International Labour Day
9 May: Day of Memory and Honour (Victory Day, for the veterans and martyrs of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945))
27 June: National Unity Day
9 September: Independence Day
9 December: Constitution Day
